{"id":3198,"date":"2018-12-11T10:23:56","date_gmt":"2018-12-11T07:23:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/teise.org\/?p=3198"},"modified":"2023-02-10T17:20:50","modified_gmt":"2023-02-10T17:20:50","slug":"ketvirtosios-valdzios-korupcija-situacija-lietuvoje-ir-uzsienyje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/ketvirtosios-valdzios-korupcija-situacija-lietuvoje-ir-uzsienyje\/","title":{"rendered":"Ketvirtosios vald\u017eios korupcija \u2013 situacija Lietuvoje ir u\u017esienyje"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[:lt]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vie\u0161umoje kalbant apie korupcij\u0105 da\u017enai pasitelkiama \u017einiasklaida, kuri prisiima kontroliuotojo ir net teis\u0117jo vaidmen\u012f. Apie pa\u010dios \u017einiasklaidos korupcij\u0105 diskusijos vyksta kur kas re\u010diau, tod\u0117l minint Tarptautin\u0119 korupcijos dien\u0105 Lietuvos teis\u0117s institutas pakviet\u0117 \u0161ios srities specialistus \u012f nacionalin\u0119 mokslin\u0119-praktin\u0119 konferencij\u0105 \u201eKorupcija ir \u017einiasklaida\u201c. Europos Komisijos atstovyb\u0117je vykusi konferencija \u012f diskusij\u0105 pakviet\u0117 tiek teis\u0117s, tiek komunikacijos srities mokslininkus, taip pat ir pa\u010dius \u017eurnalistus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">LTI Ilgalaiki\u0173 mokslini\u0173 tyrim\u0173 programos \u201eNaujas po\u017ei\u016bris \u012f korupcij\u0105: i\u0161\u0161\u016bkiai ir galimyb\u0117s per\u017eengiant vie\u0161ojo sektoriaus ribas\u201c vadovas dr.\u00a0Petras Ragauskas skaitydamas prane\u0161im\u0105 \u201e\u017diniasklaidos korupcijos ypatumai Lietuvoje\u201c atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f, kad \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos, kaip teisinio fenomeno, \u0161iuo metu Lietuvoje n\u0117ra.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201eKaip \u017einome, kelios bylos \u0161iuo metu nagrin\u0117jamos teismuose, ta\u010diau kol n\u0117ra teismo sprendimo, tol galioja nekaltumo prezumpcija\u201c, \u2013 situacij\u0105 apibendrino mokslininkas. Anot jo, \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos lygmenys gali b\u016bti trys. Pa\u010dia juod\u017eiausia korupcija jis vadino \u0161anta\u017e\u0105 ir prekyb\u0105 \u012ftaka. Taip pat mokslininkas i\u0161skyr\u0117 savanaudi\u0161k\u0105 manipuliavim\u0105 informacija, kai, siekiant naudos savo verslams, perkamas \u017einiasklaidos turinys arba tyl\u0117jimas. Tre\u010diasis lygmuo \u2013 ribinis atvejis, kai konkre\u010dioje situacijoje tylima ne d\u0117l grasinim\u0173, o \u201etiesiog d\u0117l viso pikto\u201c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201eRib\u0105 tarp patogaus gyvenimo ir korupcijos nubr\u0117\u017eti n\u0117ra lengva\u201c, \u2013 kalb\u0117jo mokslininkas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Konferencijoje dalyvav\u0119s \u017eurnalistas ir redaktorius Rytas Staselis pateik\u0117 nema\u017eai konkre\u010di\u0173 pavyzd\u017ei\u0173, kai \u017einiasklaida pati si\u016blo savo paslaugas ir u\u017e palank\u0173 para\u0161ym\u0105 ar kitok\u012f atspind\u0117jim\u0105 vie\u0161umoje pra\u0161o \u201e100 euriuk\u0173\u201c. Toki\u0173 pasi\u016blym\u0173 sulaukia tiek verslo bendrov\u0117s, tiek politikai. Kaip vien\u0105 i\u0161 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173, d\u0117l ko susiklost\u0117 tokia praktika, R.\u00a0Staselis \u012fvardijo S\u0105j\u016bd\u017eio laikais gyvavus\u012f mil\u017eini\u0161k\u0105 pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 \u017einiasklaida bei leid\u0117j\u0173 pripratim\u0105, kad politikos elitas pripa\u017e\u012fsta did\u017eiul\u0119 \u017einiasklaidos \u012ftak\u0105 visuomenei, nors realiai ta \u012ftaka, \u017eurnalisto \u012fsitikinimu, tikrai buvo ma\u017eesn\u0117.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201e\u017diniasklaida turi \u012fsis\u0105moninti, kad priklausomyb\u0117 nuo vie\u0161\u0173j\u0173 finans\u0173 yra pragai\u0161tinga jos ne\u0161ali\u0161kumui ir nepriklausomybei\u201c, \u2013 kalb\u0117jo R.\u00a0Staselis konferencijos dalyviams.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">LTI mokslininkas dr.\u00a0Mindaugas Lankauskas ap\u017evelg\u0117 situacij\u0105 d\u0117l \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos u\u017esienio valstyb\u0117se. Anot jo, \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos prielaidos gali b\u016bti \u012fvairi\u0173 prigim\u010di\u0173. Neskaidrius procesus gali lemti kult\u016brin\u0117s tradicijos ir istoriniai ypatumai, taip pat nestabilios finansin\u0117s s\u0105lygos (pvz., Piet\u0173 Amerikoje, Ryt\u0173 Europoje) ar savinink\u0173 \u012ftaka.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dr.\u00a0Deimantas Jastramskis i\u0161 Vilniaus universiteto Komunikacijos fakulteto konferencijoje kalb\u0117jo apie \u017einiasklaidos politik\u0105 Lietuvoje. Ap\u017evelgdamas bendr\u0105 situacij\u0105 jis atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f, kad yra aptik\u0119s tik kelet\u0105 iniciatyv\u0173 formuoti \u017einiasklaidos politik\u0105 valstyb\u0117s programiniuose dokumentuose. Tai, anot mokslininko, rodo bendros sistemos nebuvim\u0105.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Anot dr. D.\u00a0Jastamskio, korupcija did\u0117ja tada, kai \u017einiasklaidos ekonominis pagrindas ma\u017e\u0117ja. Jis pateik\u0117 pavyzd\u012f \u2013 alkoholio reklamos draudim\u0105. Nustatant draudimo \u012fsigaliojimo laik\u0105 prakti\u0161kai vis\u0173 politini\u0173 partij\u0173 nariai balsavo u\u017e termino nuk\u0117lim\u0105, reikalingas bals\u0173 skai\u010dius Seime buvo surinktas i\u0161 prakti\u0161kai vis\u0173 politini\u0173 j\u0117g\u0173, nors kai kurios politin\u0117s partijos oficialiai ir pasisakin\u0117jo prie\u0161 termin\u0173 nuk\u0117lim\u0105. Neilgai trukus po to viena \u012fmoni\u0173 grup\u0117, u\u017esiimanti alkoholio gamyba, kelias skirting\u0173 ideologij\u0173 partijas par\u0117m\u0117 po 20\u201340 t\u016bkst. lit\u0173.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mokslininkas taip pat atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f \u012f tai, kad nuo \u0161i\u0173 met\u0173 prad\u017eios \u012fsigaliojus alkoholio reklamos draudimui vieno populiariausi\u0173 interneto portal\u0173 pajamos d\u0117l \u0161io draudimo suma\u017e\u0117jo 15\u00a0proc.. 2017\u00a0m. \u0161i \u017einiasklaidos priemon\u0117 dirbo pelningai, o \u0161iemet, tik\u0117tina, bus nuostolinga.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mokslininkas savo prane\u0161ime atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f, jog, rinkoje reguliuojant reklam\u0105, randasi \u012fvairi\u0173 reklamos ir informacijos hibrid\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, turinio rinkodara. Vertindamas situacij\u0105 \u017einiasklaidos rinkoje mokslininkas pasakojo, jog \u017eurnalistai Lietuvoje n\u0117ra apsaugoti \u2013 jie da\u017enai neturi darbo sutar\u010di\u0173, dirba su verslo liudijimais ar pan., o tai tikrai neprisideda prie skaidrumo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Prof. dr. Aleksandras Dobryninas i\u0161 Vilniaus universiteto Filosofijos fakulteto kalb\u0117jo apie medijas, bendruomenes ir korupcij\u0105. Anot jo, apie korupcij\u0105 \u017einiasklaidoje galima spr\u0119sti pagal visuomen\u0117s pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 \u017einiasklaida, o Lietuvoje \u0161i situacija yra geresn\u0117, nei Europos S\u0105jungos vidurkis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201eNesakau, kad \u0161ioje srityje n\u0117ra problem\u0173, problem\u0173 yra, jos b\u016bdingos visiems. Pavyzd\u017eiui, viena i\u0161 nauj\u0173j\u0173 medij\u0173, \u2013 socialiniais tinklais, \u2013 pasitik\u0117jimas spar\u010diai ma\u017e\u0117ja\u201c, \u2013 kalb\u0117jo profesorius.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Konferencijoje taip pat dalyvavo \u017einiasklaidos priemoni\u0173 atstovai, ministerij\u0173, \u201eTransparency International\u201c Lietuvos skyriaus bei akademin\u0117s bendruomen\u0117s atstovai.<\/p>\n<p>[:en]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When discussed in public, corruption is often related to mass media which assumes the role of a controller and even a judge. Discussions on corrupted media are much rarer; therefore, on the occasion of the International Anti-Corruption Day the Law Institute of Lithuania invited professionals of the field to the national scientific-practical conference \u201cCorruption and Media\u201d. The conference, held in the European Commission Representation office, was attended by researchers of the fields of law and communication as well as journalists.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dr. Petras Ragauskas, Head of the Long-Term Research Programme \u201cNew approach to corruption: challenges and opportunities beyond the public sector\u201d of the Law Institute of Lithuania (hereinafter \u2013 LIL), delivered a presentation \u201cThe characteristics of media corruption in Lithuania\u201d and noted that media corruption does not currently exist in Lithuania as a legal phenomenon.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cAs we know, there are several cases at court at present, yet while no court judgment has been passed, the presumption of innocence remains in force,\u201d the researcher summarised the situation. According to him, there can be three levels of media corruption. He considers blackmail and trading in influence the highest level of corruption. The researcher also pointed out self-serving manipulation of information when media content or silence is bought to gain benefit for own businesses. The third level is a marginal case when silence in a specific situation is not due to threatening but \u201cjust in case\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cIt is not easy to delineate the line between comfortable life and corruption,\u201d said the researcher.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Journalist and editor Rytas Staselis, who attended the conference, gave quite a number of concrete examples where media offers its services and asks EUR 100 for a favourable text or any other type of reflection in public. Both business companies and politicians receive such offers. Among one of the reasons for such a practice Mr.\u00a0Staselis pointed out an enormous trust in media during the period of S\u0105j\u016bdis Movement, as well as the habit of publishers that the political elite acknowledges a considerable influence of media on society, although, according to the journalist, the influence was actually not that big.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cMedia has to realise that dependence on public finance is destructive for its impartiality and independence,\u201d said Mr.\u00a0Staselis to conference participants.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">LIL researcher dr. Mindaugas Lankauskas gave an overview of the situation of media corruption in foreign states. According to him, the preconditions for media corruption may be diverse. Non-transparent processes might be determined by cultural traditions and historical peculiarities, as well as unstable financial conditions (e.g. in South America, Eastern Europe) or owners\u2019 influence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dr. Deimantas Jastramskis from the Faculty of Communication of Vilnius University talked about media policy in Lithuania. When discussing the overall situation he noted that he had encountered only a few initiatives to shape media policy in the national programming documents. According to the researcher, this shows absence of the common system.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dr. Jastramskis considers that corruption grows when the economic foundation of media weakens. He gave an example of banned alcohol advertising. When fixing the date of coming into force of this ban, the members of almost all political parties voted for postponing this term, and the necessary number of votes in the Seimas was collected from practically all political forces, although certain political parties were officially against postponement. After a short while one group of companies specialising in alcohol manufacturing supported several parties of different ideologies with LTL 20\u201340 thousand each.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The researcher also highlighted that from the beginning of the year when alcohol advertising ban became effective, the income of one of the most popular internet portals decreased by 15 per cent due to this ban. In 2017, this media outlet was profitable, whereas in 2018 it was expected to be loss-making.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The researcher noted that advert regulation in the market results in various hybrids of advertising and information, for instance, content marketing. When evaluating the situation in the media market, the researcher stated that journalists are not protected in Lithuania, i.e. they often do not have employment contracts, work according to a business certificate or on a similar basis, which does not actually contribute to transparency.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Prof. dr. Aleksandras Dobryninas from the Faculty of Philosophy of Vilnius University talked about media, communities and corruption. According to him, media corruption could be judged from society\u2019s trust in media, and this situation in Lithuania is better than the European Union average.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cI do not say that there are no problems in this area, in fact, there are problems, like everywhere. For example, trust in one of the new media, i.e. social networks, has been rapidly declining,\u201d the professor added.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The conference was also attended by representatives of media, ministries, Transparency International Lithuanian branch, and academic community.<\/p>\n<p>[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[:lt] Vie\u0161umoje kalbant apie korupcij\u0105 da\u017enai pasitelkiama \u017einiasklaida, kuri prisiima kontroliuotojo ir net teis\u0117jo vaidmen\u012f. Apie pa\u010dios \u017einiasklaidos korupcij\u0105 diskusijos vyksta kur kas re\u010diau, tod\u0117l minint Tarptautin\u0119 korupcijos dien\u0105 Lietuvos teis\u0117s institutas pakviet\u0117 \u0161ios srities specialistus \u012f nacionalin\u0119 mokslin\u0119-praktin\u0119 konferencij\u0105 \u201eKorupcija ir \u017einiasklaida\u201c. Europos Komisijos atstovyb\u0117je vykusi konferencija \u012f diskusij\u0105 pakviet\u0117 tiek teis\u0117s, tiek komunikacijos srities mokslininkus, taip pat ir pa\u010dius \u017eurnalistus. LTI Ilgalaiki\u0173 mokslini\u0173 tyrim\u0173 programos \u201eNaujas po\u017ei\u016bris \u012f korupcij\u0105: i\u0161\u0161\u016bkiai ir galimyb\u0117s per\u017eengiant vie\u0161ojo sektoriaus ribas\u201c vadovas dr.\u00a0Petras Ragauskas skaitydamas prane\u0161im\u0105 \u201e\u017diniasklaidos korupcijos ypatumai Lietuvoje\u201c atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f, kad \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos, kaip teisinio fenomeno, \u0161iuo metu Lietuvoje n\u0117ra. \u201eKaip \u017einome, kelios bylos \u0161iuo metu nagrin\u0117jamos teismuose, ta\u010diau kol n\u0117ra teismo sprendimo, tol galioja nekaltumo prezumpcija\u201c, \u2013 situacij\u0105 apibendrino mokslininkas. Anot jo, \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos lygmenys gali b\u016bti trys. Pa\u010dia juod\u017eiausia korupcija jis vadino \u0161anta\u017e\u0105 ir prekyb\u0105 \u012ftaka. Taip pat mokslininkas i\u0161skyr\u0117 savanaudi\u0161k\u0105 manipuliavim\u0105 informacija, kai, siekiant naudos savo verslams, perkamas \u017einiasklaidos turinys arba tyl\u0117jimas. Tre\u010diasis lygmuo \u2013 ribinis atvejis, kai konkre\u010dioje situacijoje tylima ne d\u0117l grasinim\u0173, o \u201etiesiog d\u0117l viso pikto\u201c. \u201eRib\u0105 tarp patogaus gyvenimo ir korupcijos nubr\u0117\u017eti n\u0117ra lengva\u201c, \u2013 kalb\u0117jo mokslininkas. Konferencijoje dalyvav\u0119s \u017eurnalistas ir redaktorius Rytas Staselis pateik\u0117 nema\u017eai konkre\u010di\u0173 pavyzd\u017ei\u0173, kai \u017einiasklaida pati si\u016blo savo paslaugas ir u\u017e palank\u0173 para\u0161ym\u0105 ar kitok\u012f atspind\u0117jim\u0105 vie\u0161umoje pra\u0161o \u201e100 euriuk\u0173\u201c. Toki\u0173 pasi\u016blym\u0173 sulaukia tiek verslo bendrov\u0117s, tiek politikai. Kaip vien\u0105 i\u0161 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173, d\u0117l ko susiklost\u0117 tokia praktika, R.\u00a0Staselis \u012fvardijo S\u0105j\u016bd\u017eio laikais gyvavus\u012f mil\u017eini\u0161k\u0105 pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 \u017einiasklaida bei leid\u0117j\u0173 pripratim\u0105, kad politikos elitas pripa\u017e\u012fsta did\u017eiul\u0119 \u017einiasklaidos \u012ftak\u0105 visuomenei, nors realiai ta \u012ftaka, \u017eurnalisto \u012fsitikinimu, tikrai buvo ma\u017eesn\u0117. \u201e\u017diniasklaida turi \u012fsis\u0105moninti, kad priklausomyb\u0117 nuo vie\u0161\u0173j\u0173 finans\u0173 yra pragai\u0161tinga jos ne\u0161ali\u0161kumui ir nepriklausomybei\u201c, \u2013 kalb\u0117jo R.\u00a0Staselis konferencijos dalyviams. LTI mokslininkas dr.\u00a0Mindaugas Lankauskas ap\u017evelg\u0117 situacij\u0105 d\u0117l \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos u\u017esienio valstyb\u0117se. Anot jo, \u017einiasklaidos korupcijos prielaidos gali b\u016bti \u012fvairi\u0173 prigim\u010di\u0173. Neskaidrius procesus gali lemti kult\u016brin\u0117s tradicijos ir istoriniai ypatumai, taip pat nestabilios finansin\u0117s s\u0105lygos (pvz., Piet\u0173 Amerikoje, Ryt\u0173 Europoje) ar savinink\u0173 \u012ftaka. Dr.\u00a0Deimantas Jastramskis i\u0161 Vilniaus universiteto Komunikacijos fakulteto konferencijoje kalb\u0117jo apie \u017einiasklaidos politik\u0105 Lietuvoje. Ap\u017evelgdamas bendr\u0105 situacij\u0105 jis atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f, kad yra aptik\u0119s tik kelet\u0105 iniciatyv\u0173 formuoti \u017einiasklaidos politik\u0105 valstyb\u0117s programiniuose dokumentuose. Tai, anot mokslininko, rodo bendros sistemos nebuvim\u0105. Anot dr. D.\u00a0Jastamskio, korupcija did\u0117ja tada, kai \u017einiasklaidos ekonominis pagrindas ma\u017e\u0117ja. Jis pateik\u0117 pavyzd\u012f \u2013 alkoholio reklamos draudim\u0105. Nustatant draudimo \u012fsigaliojimo laik\u0105 prakti\u0161kai vis\u0173 politini\u0173 partij\u0173 nariai balsavo u\u017e termino nuk\u0117lim\u0105, reikalingas bals\u0173 skai\u010dius Seime buvo surinktas i\u0161 prakti\u0161kai vis\u0173 politini\u0173 j\u0117g\u0173, nors kai kurios politin\u0117s partijos oficialiai ir pasisakin\u0117jo prie\u0161 termin\u0173 nuk\u0117lim\u0105. Neilgai trukus po to viena \u012fmoni\u0173 grup\u0117, u\u017esiimanti alkoholio gamyba, kelias skirting\u0173 ideologij\u0173 partijas par\u0117m\u0117 po 20\u201340 t\u016bkst. lit\u0173. Mokslininkas taip pat atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f \u012f tai, kad nuo \u0161i\u0173 met\u0173 prad\u017eios \u012fsigaliojus alkoholio reklamos draudimui vieno populiariausi\u0173 interneto portal\u0173 pajamos d\u0117l \u0161io draudimo suma\u017e\u0117jo 15\u00a0proc.. 2017\u00a0m. \u0161i \u017einiasklaidos priemon\u0117 dirbo pelningai, o \u0161iemet, tik\u0117tina, bus nuostolinga. Mokslininkas savo prane\u0161ime atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f, jog, rinkoje reguliuojant reklam\u0105, randasi \u012fvairi\u0173 reklamos ir informacijos hibrid\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, turinio rinkodara. Vertindamas situacij\u0105 \u017einiasklaidos rinkoje mokslininkas pasakojo, jog \u017eurnalistai Lietuvoje n\u0117ra apsaugoti \u2013 jie da\u017enai neturi darbo sutar\u010di\u0173, dirba su verslo liudijimais ar pan., o tai tikrai neprisideda prie skaidrumo. Prof. dr. Aleksandras Dobryninas i\u0161 Vilniaus universiteto Filosofijos fakulteto kalb\u0117jo apie medijas, bendruomenes ir korupcij\u0105. Anot jo, apie korupcij\u0105 \u017einiasklaidoje galima spr\u0119sti pagal visuomen\u0117s pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 \u017einiasklaida, o Lietuvoje \u0161i situacija yra geresn\u0117, nei Europos S\u0105jungos vidurkis. \u201eNesakau, kad \u0161ioje srityje n\u0117ra problem\u0173, problem\u0173 yra, jos b\u016bdingos visiems. Pavyzd\u017eiui, viena i\u0161 nauj\u0173j\u0173 medij\u0173, \u2013 socialiniais tinklais, \u2013 pasitik\u0117jimas spar\u010diai ma\u017e\u0117ja\u201c, \u2013 kalb\u0117jo profesorius. Konferencijoje taip pat dalyvavo \u017einiasklaidos priemoni\u0173 atstovai, ministerij\u0173, \u201eTransparency International\u201c Lietuvos skyriaus bei akademin\u0117s bendruomen\u0117s atstovai. [:en] When discussed in public, corruption is often related to mass media which assumes the role of a controller and even a judge. Discussions on corrupted media are much rarer; therefore, on the occasion of the International Anti-Corruption Day the Law Institute of Lithuania invited professionals of the field to the national scientific-practical conference \u201cCorruption and Media\u201d. The conference, held in the European Commission Representation office, was attended by researchers of the fields of law and communication as well as journalists. Dr. Petras Ragauskas, Head of the Long-Term Research Programme \u201cNew approach to corruption: challenges and opportunities beyond the public sector\u201d of the Law Institute of Lithuania (hereinafter \u2013 LIL), delivered a presentation \u201cThe characteristics of media corruption in Lithuania\u201d and noted that media corruption does not currently exist in Lithuania as a legal phenomenon. \u201cAs we know, there are several cases at court at present, yet while no court judgment has been passed, the presumption of innocence remains in force,\u201d the researcher summarised the situation. According to him, there can be three levels of media corruption. He considers blackmail and trading in influence the highest level of corruption. The researcher also pointed out self-serving manipulation of information when media content or silence is bought to gain benefit for own businesses. The third level is a marginal case when silence in a specific situation is not due to threatening but \u201cjust in case\u201d. \u201cIt is not easy to delineate the line between comfortable life and corruption,\u201d said the researcher. Journalist and editor Rytas Staselis, who attended the conference, gave quite a number of concrete examples where media offers its services and asks EUR 100 for a favourable text or any other type of reflection in public. Both business companies and politicians receive such offers. Among one of the reasons for such a practice Mr.\u00a0Staselis pointed out an enormous trust in media during the period of S\u0105j\u016bdis Movement, as well as the habit of publishers that the political elite acknowledges a considerable influence of media on society, although, according to the journalist, the influence was actually not that big. \u201cMedia has to realise that dependence on public finance is destructive for its impartiality and independence,\u201d said Mr.\u00a0Staselis to conference participants. LIL researcher dr. Mindaugas Lankauskas gave an overview of the situation of media corruption in foreign states. According to him, the preconditions for media corruption may be diverse. Non-transparent processes might be determined by cultural traditions and historical peculiarities, as well<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3199,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,261],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-naujienos","category-2018-naujienu-irasu-metai"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6769,"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/6769"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teise.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}